The Ark Fortress

The Ark of Bukhara is a massive earthen fortification located in the northwestern part of contemporary Bukhara, resembling a modified rectangle elongated from west to east with a perimeter of 789.6 meters and covering an area of 3.96 hectares. This ancient citadel served as the primary residence and seat of power for the Emirs of Bukhara for over a millennium, representing one of the oldest architectural monuments in Central Asia dating back to the 5th century.

The fortress was used as a political center until it fell to Russian forces in 1920. Today, the Ark functions as a major tourist attraction housing several museums that chronicle its rich history. Visitors can explore the archaeological museum, the ornate throne room where emirs held court, the reception and coronation chambers, a local history museum showcasing Bukhara's cultural heritage, and the beautifully preserved court mosque. The Ark's massive walls, rising up to 20 meters in height, contain centuries of history within their mud-brick construction, offering panoramic views of the ancient city from its ramparts.