Taksim Square and Istiklal Avenue

Taksim Square serves as the beating heart of modern Istanbul, functioning as the city's
primary gathering place and the center of its contemporary cultural life. The square gained historical significance during the Turkish Republic's early years and has since evolved into a symbol of modernTurkey. At its center stands the Republic Monument, commemorating the founding of the Turkish Republic, while the square itself serves as a starting point for numerous political demonstrations, cultural celebrations, and public events.

Istiklal Avenue (Independence Avenue) stretches 1.4 kilometers from Taksim Square to Galata Tower, creating one of the world's most famous pedestrian streets. This vibrant thoroughfare houses international brand stores, historic bookshops, art galleries, cinemas, cafes, restaurants, and nightclubs, making it a 24-hour entertainment district. The historic red tram that runs along the avenue has become an iconic symbol of the area. The avenue and surrounding streets contain numerous historic buildings, including 19th-century European-style structures that reflect Istanbul's cosmopolitan heritage. Side streets branch off into diverse neighborhoods featuring traditional Turkish taverns (meyhane), jazz clubs, rooftop bars, and cultural centers. The area represents Istanbul's cultural diversity, with historic churches, mosques, and synagogues coexisting within walking distance. During weekends and evenings, the area comes alive with street performers, musicians, and millions of visitors from around the world.